The Development of Ideal Body Image Perceptions in the United States

B ody image refers to a subjective concept of one’s physical appearance based on self-observation and the reaction of others. ‘‘Ideal’’ body image is the phrase used to refer to the body size determined by one’s cultural group to epitomize beauty and/or success in achievement of the optimum physical state as defined by that group. The ‘‘ideal’’ body image can vary between cultural groups, within ethnic groups, and within any other group to which one belongs. Where do Americans derive their perception of ideal body image? What are some of the factors that influence the perception of ideal body image as one develops along the life span? How can health professionals, parents, teachers, and friends affect the development of healthy, positive body images among American youth? This article examines a variety of the influences affecting the development of the American ideal body image perceptions at different stages of the life cycle. The identified influences might have similar effects on the population in other countries that purchase American products, watch American television and movies, listen to American music, read American periodicals, and visit our country. The globalization of today’s marketplace hastens the popularity of selected role models and the pursuit of the ideal body image in vogue at the time. Understanding the factors influencing the development of a healthy body image is of interest to many disciplines, educators, and target groups throughout the world. Body Image Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction